Treatment planning in implantology Factors that determine papillae formation between two adjacent implants

Tarnow et al. demonstrated that the distance from the creat of bone to the base of contact area could be correlated with the presence or absence of the interproximal papilla in humans, when the distance was 5 mm, papilla completely fills the interproximal area.

When the distance was 6 mm, the papilla was present 56% of time, and when the distance was 7 mm or more, the papilla was present 27% of the time or less.

Salama et al. suggested that the presence, contour, and thickness of priimplant papilla can be influenced in the same manner.they determined that interproximal height of bone between tooth and implant would be of 5.5 mm, between adjacent implant of 4.5 mm, and between adjacent teeth of 5 mm.

These authors ststed that predictable esthetics can be achieved only when lip line and bone scalloping favors adequate soft and hard tissue contours.

 optimal prognosis for esthetic restorations